La meilleure façon de trouver nom du système d'exploitation et la version Unix/Linux plate-forme

Commande suivante fonctionné pour moi gentiment. Il vous donne le nom du système d'exploitation et version.

lsb_release -a

Avec perl et Linux::Distribution, la solution la plus propre pour un vieux problème :

#!/bin/sh

perl -e '
    use Linux::Distribution qw(distribution_name distribution_version);

    my $linux = Linux::Distribution->new;
    if(my $distro = $linux->distribution_name()) {
          my $version = $linux->distribution_version();
          print "you are running $distro";
          print " version $version" if $version;
          print "\n";
    } else {
          print "distribution unknown\n";
    }
'

Mon propre chef, prendre à @kvivek du script, avec de plus en plus facilement la machine analysée de sortie:

#!/bin/sh
# Outputs OS Name, Version & misc. info in a machine-readable way.
# See also NeoFetch for a more professional and elaborate bash script:
# https://github.com/dylanaraps/neofetch
SEP=","
PRINT_HEADER=false
print_help() {
echo "`basename $0` - Outputs OS Name, Version & misc. info"
echo "in a machine-readable way."
echo
echo "Usage:"
echo "    `basename $0` [OPTIONS]"
echo "Options:"
echo "    -h, --help           print this help message"
echo "    -n, --names          print a header line, naming the fields"
echo "    -s, --separator SEP  overrides the default field-separator ('$SEP') with the supplied one"
}
# parse command-line args
while [ $# -gt 0 ]
do
arg="$1"
shift # past switch
case "${arg}" in
-h|--help)
print_help
exit 0
;;
-n|--names)
PRINT_HEADER=true
;;
-s|--separator)
SEP="$1"
shift # past value
;;
*) # non-/unknown option
echo "Unknown switch '$arg'" >&2
print_help
;;
esac
done
OS=`uname -s`
DIST="N/A"
REV=`uname -r`
MACH=`uname -m`
PSUEDONAME="N/A"
GetVersionFromFile()
{
VERSION=`cat $1 | tr "\n" ' ' | sed s/.*VERSION.*=\ //`
}
if [ "${OS}" = "SunOS" ] ; then
DIST=Solaris
DIST_VER=`uname -v`
# also: cat /etc/release
elif [ "${OS}" = "AIX" ] ; then
DIST="${OS}"
DIST_VER=`oslevel -r`
elif [ "${OS}" = "Linux" ] ; then
if [ -f /etc/redhat-release ] ; then
DIST='RedHat'
PSUEDONAME=`sed -e 's/.*\(//' -e 's/\)//' /etc/redhat-release `
DIST_VER=`sed -e 's/.*release\ //' -e 's/\ .*//' /etc/redhat-release `
elif [ -f /etc/SuSE-release ] ; then
DIST=`cat /etc/SuSE-release | tr "\n" ' '| sed s/VERSION.*//`
DIST_VER=`cat /etc/SuSE-release | tr "\n" ' ' | sed s/.*=\ //`
elif [ -f /etc/mandrake-release ] ; then
DIST='Mandrake'
PSUEDONAME=`sed -e 's/.*\(//' -e 's/\)//' /etc/mandrake-release`
DIST_VER=`sed -e 's/.*release\ //' -e 's/\ .*//' /etc/mandrake-release`
elif [ -f /etc/debian_version ] ; then
DIST="Debian"
DIST_VER=`cat /etc/debian_version`
PSUEDONAME=`lsb_release -a 2> /dev/null | grep '^Codename:' | sed -e 's/.*[[:space:]]//'`
#elif [ -f /etc/gentoo-release ] ; then
#TODO
#elif [ -f /etc/slackware-version ] ; then
#TODO
elif [ -f /etc/issue ] ; then
# We use this indirection because /etc/issue may look like
# "Debian GNU/Linux 10 \n \l"
ISSUE=`cat /etc/issue`
ISSUE=`echo -e "${ISSUE}" | head -n 1 | sed -e 's/[[:space:]]\+$//'`
DIST=`echo -e "${ISSUE}" | sed -e 's/[[:space:]].*//'`
DIST_VER=`echo -e "${ISSUE}" | sed -e 's/.*[[:space:]]//'`
fi
if [ -f /etc/UnitedLinux-release ] ; then
DIST="${DIST}[`cat /etc/UnitedLinux-release | tr "\n" ' ' | sed s/VERSION.*//`]"
fi
# NOTE `sed -e 's/.*(//' -e 's/).*//' /proc/version`
#      is an option that worked ~ 2010 and earlier
fi
if $PRINT_HEADER
then
echo "OS${SEP}Distribution${SEP}Distribution-Version${SEP}Pseudo-Name${SEP}Kernel-Revision${SEP}Machine-Architecture"
fi
echo "${OS}${SEP}${DIST}${SEP}${DIST_VER}${SEP}${PSUEDONAME}${SEP}${REV}${SEP}${MACH}"

NOTE: Uniquement testé sur une Debian 11

Exemple Fonctionne

Pas args

osInfo

de sortie:

Linux,Debian,10.0,buster,4.19.0-5-amd64,x86_64

- Tête avec les noms et séparateur personnalisé

osInfo --names -s "\t| "

de sortie:

OS  | Distribution  | Distribution-Version  | Pseudo-Name   | Kernel-Revision   | Machine-Architecture
Linux   | Debian    | 10.0  | buster    | 4.19.0-5-amd64    | x86_64

Filtré de sortie

osInfo | awk -e 'BEGIN { FS=","; } { print $2 " " $3 " (" $4 ")" }'

de sortie:

Debian 10.0 (buster)

Avec des guillemets:

cat /etc/*-release | grep "PRETTY_NAME" | sed 's/PRETTY_NAME=//g'

donne en sortie:

"CentOS Linux 7 (Core)"

Sans les guillemets:

cat /etc/*-release | grep "PRETTY_NAME" | sed 's/PRETTY_NAME=//g' | sed 's/"//g'

donne en sortie:

CentOS Linux 7 (Core)